Heparinization and hybridization of electrospun tubular graft for improved endothelialization and anticoagulation

Constructing biomimetic structure and immobilizing antithrombus factors are two effective methods to ensure rapid endothelialization long-term anticoagulation for small-diameter vascular grafts. However, few literatures available regarding simultaneous implementation of these strategies. Herein, a nano-micro-fibrous graft with heparin coating was prepared via step-by-step in situ biosynthesis method improve potential anticoagulation. The 4-mm-diameter tubular consists electrospun cellulose acetate (CA) microfibers entangled bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) nanofibers on dual fibers. hybridized heparinized possesses suitable pore that facilitates endothelia cells adhesion proliferation but prevents infiltration fibrous tissue blood leakage. In addition, it shows higher mechanical properties than those bare CA CA/BNC grafts, which match well native vessels. Moreover, this dually modified exhibits improved compatibility over the counterparts without hybridization or heparinization according testing results platelet adhesion, cell morphology, protein expression von Willebrand Factor. This novel modifications promising as new graft. study provides guidance promoting by immobilized bioactive molecules.